Agriculture

Divine institution of

• Genesis 2:15

  And the LORD God took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden to dress it and to keep it.

• Genesis 3:19

  In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return.

• Genesis 3:23

  Therefore the LORD God sent him forth from the garden of Eden, to till the ground from whence he was taken.

Practiced by Cain

• Genesis 4:2

  And she again bare his brother Abel. And Abel was a keeper of sheep, but Cain was a tiller of the ground.

Practiced by Noah

• Genesis 9:20

  And Noah began to be an husbandman, and he planted a vineyard:

Practiced by Elisha

• 1 Kings 19:19

  So he departed thence, and found Elisha the son of Shaphat, who was plowing with twelve yoke of oxen before him, and he with the twelfth: and Elijah passed by him, and cast his mantle upon him.

Practiced by David

• 1 Chronicles 27:26–31

  And over them that did the work of the field for tillage of the ground was Ezri the son of Chelub: And over the vineyards was Shimei the Ramathite: over the increase of the vineyards for the wine cellars was Zabdi the Shiphmite: And over the olive trees and the sycomore trees that were in the low plains was Baal-hanan the Gederite: and over the cellars of oil was Joash: …

Practiced by Uzziah

• 2 Chronicles 26:10

  Also he built towers in the desert, and digged many wells: for he had much cattle, both in the low country, and in the plains: husbandmen also, and vine dressers in the mountains, and in Carmel: for he loved husbandry.

Practiced by Solomon

• Ecclesiastes 2:4–6

  I made me great works; I builded me houses; I planted me vineyards: I made me gardens and orchards, and I planted trees in them of all kind of fruits: I made me pools of water, to water therewith the wood that bringeth forth trees:

God to be acknowledged in

• Jeremiah 5:24

  Neither say they in their heart, Let us now fear the LORD our God, that giveth rain, both the former and the latter, in his season: he reserveth unto us the appointed weeks of the harvest.

• Hosea 2:8

  For she did not know that I gave her corn, and wine, and oil, and multiplied her silver and gold, which they prepared for Baal.

Requires wisdom

• Isaiah 28:26

  For his God doth instruct him to discretion, and doth teach him.

Requires diligence

• Proverbs 27:23

  Be thou diligent to know the state of thy flocks, and look well to thy herds.

• Proverbs 27:27

  And thou shalt have goats' milk enough for thy food, for the food of thy household, and for the maintenance for thy maidens.

• Ecclesiastes 11:6

  In the morning sow thy seed, and in the evening withhold not thine hand: for thou knowest not whether shall prosper, either this or that, or whether they both shall be alike good.

Requires patience

• James 5:7

  Be patient therefore, brethren, unto the coming of the Lord. Behold, the husbandman waiteth for the precious fruit of the earth, and hath long patience for it, until he receive the early and latter rain.

Requires toil

• 2 Timothy 2:6

  The husbandman that laboureth must be first partaker of the fruits.

Persons engaged in, called husbandmen

• 2 Chronicles 26:10

  Also he built towers in the desert, and digged many wells: for he had much cattle, both in the low country, and in the plains: husbandmen also, and vine dressers in the mountains, and in Carmel: for he loved husbandry.

Called laborers

• Matthew 9:37

  Then saith he unto his disciples, The harvest truly is plenteous, but the labourers are few;

Called tiller of the ground

• Genesis 4:2

  And she again bare his brother Abel. And Abel was a keeper of sheep, but Cain was a tiller of the ground.

Planters of vineyards, exempted from military service

• Deuteronomy 20:6

  And what man is he that hath planted a vineyard, and hath not yet eaten of it? let him also go and return unto his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man eat of it.

Fruits blasted because of sin

• Isaiah 5:10

  Yea, ten acres of vineyard shall yield one bath, and the seed of an homer shall yield an ephah.

• Isaiah 7:23

  And it shall come to pass in that day, that every place shall be, where there were a thousand vines at a thousand silverlings, it shall even be for briers and thorns.

• Jeremiah 12:13

  They have sown wheat, but shall reap thorns: they have put themselves to pain, but shall not profit: and they shall be ashamed of your revenues because of the fierce anger of the LORD.

• Joel 1:10

  The field is wasted, the land mourneth; for the corn is wasted: the new wine is dried up, the oil languisheth.

• Joel 1:11

  Be ye ashamed, O ye husbandmen; howl, O ye vinedressers, for the wheat and for the barley; because the harvest of the field is perished.

Laws concerning

• Exodus 20:9

  Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work:

• Exodus 22:5

  If a man shall cause a field or vineyard to be eaten, and shall put in his beast, and shall feed in another man's field; of the best of his own field, and of the best of his own vineyard, shall he make restitution.

• Exodus 22:6

  If fire break out, and catch in thorns, so that the stacks of corn, or the standing corn, or the field, be consumed therewith; he that kindled the fire shall surely make restitution.

• Exodus 23:10–12

  And six years thou shalt sow thy land, and shalt gather in the fruits thereof: But the seventh year thou shalt let it rest and lie still; that the poor of thy people may eat: and what they leave the beasts of the field shall eat. In like manner thou shalt deal with thy vineyard, and with thy oliveyard. Six days thou shalt do thy work, and on the seventh day thou shalt rest: that thine ox and thine ass may rest, and the son of thy handmaid, and the stranger, may be refreshed.

• Exodus 34:21

  Six days thou shalt work, but on the seventh day thou shalt rest: in earing time and in harvest thou shalt rest.

• Exodus 34:22

  And thou shalt observe the feast of weeks, of the firstfruits of wheat harvest, and the feast of ingathering at the year's end.

• Leviticus 19:9

  And when ye reap the harvest of your land, thou shalt not wholly reap the corners of thy field, neither shalt thou gather the gleanings of thy harvest.

• Leviticus 19:10

  And thou shalt not glean thy vineyard, neither shalt thou gather every grape of thy vineyard; thou shalt leave them for the poor and stranger: I am the LORD your God.

• Leviticus 19:19

  Ye shall keep my statutes. Thou shalt not let thy cattle gender with a diverse kind: thou shalt not sow thy field with mingled seed: neither shall a garment mingled of linen and woollen come upon thee.

• Leviticus 19:23–25

  And when ye shall come into the land, and shall have planted all manner of trees for food, then ye shall count the fruit thereof as uncircumcised: three years shall it be as uncircumcised unto you: it shall not be eaten of. But in the fourth year all the fruit thereof shall be holy to praise the LORD withal. And in the fifth year shall ye eat of the fruit thereof, that it may yield unto you the increase thereof: I am the LORD your God.

• Leviticus 25:2–12

  Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, When ye come into the land which I give you, then shall the land keep a sabbath unto the LORD. Six years thou shalt sow thy field, and six years thou shalt prune thy vineyard, and gather in the fruit thereof; But in the seventh year shall be a sabbath of rest unto the land, a sabbath for the LORD: thou shalt neither sow thy field, nor prune thy vineyard. …

• Leviticus 25:15

  According to the number of years after the jubile thou shalt buy of thy neighbour, and according unto the number of years of the fruits he shall sell unto thee:

• Leviticus 25:16

  According to the multitude of years thou shalt increase the price thereof, and according to the fewness of years thou shalt diminish the price of it: for according to the number of the years of the fruits doth he sell unto thee.

• Leviticus 25:19–28

  And the land shall yield her fruit, and ye shall eat your fill, and dwell therein in safety. And if ye shall say, What shall we eat the seventh year? behold, we shall not sow, nor gather in our increase: Then I will command my blessing upon you in the sixth year, and it shall bring forth fruit for three years. …

• Deuteronomy 5:13

  Six days thou shalt labour, and do all thy work:

• Deuteronomy 5:14

  But the seventh day is the sabbath of the LORD thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, nor thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thine ox, nor thine ass, nor any of thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates; that thy manservant and thy maidservant may rest as well as thou.

• Deuteronomy 22:9

  Thou shalt not sow thy vineyard with divers seeds: lest the fruit of thy seed which thou hast sown, and the fruit of thy vineyard, be defiled.

• Deuteronomy 22:10

  Thou shalt not plow with an ox and an ass together.

• Deuteronomy 23:24

  When thou comest into thy neighbour's vineyard, then thou mayest eat grapes thy fill at thine own pleasure; but thou shalt not put any in thy vessel.

• Deuteronomy 23:25

  When thou comest into the standing corn of thy neighbour, then thou mayest pluck the ears with thine hand; but thou shalt not move a sickle unto thy neighbour's standing corn.

• Deuteronomy 24:19–21

  When thou cuttest down thine harvest in thy field, and hast forgot a sheaf in the field, thou shalt not go again to fetch it: it shall be for the stranger, for the fatherless, and for the widow: that the LORD thy God may bless thee in all the work of thine hands. When thou beatest thine olive tree, thou shalt not go over the boughs again: it shall be for the stranger, for the fatherless, and for the widow. When thou gatherest the grapes of thy vineyard, thou shalt not glean it afterward: it shall be for the stranger, for the fatherless, and for the widow.

• Proverbs 3:9

  Honour the LORD with thy substance, and with the firstfruits of all thine increase:

• Proverbs 3:10

  So shall thy barns be filled with plenty, and thy presses shall burst out with new wine.

• Ecclesiastes 5:9

  Moreover the profit of the earth is for all: the king himself is served by the field.

• Proverbs 27:23–27

  Be thou diligent to know the state of thy flocks, and look well to thy herds. For riches are not for ever: and doth the crown endure to every generation? The hay appeareth, and the tender grass sheweth itself, and herbs of the mountains are gathered. …

• Matthew 12:1

  At that time Jesus went on the sabbath day through the corn; and his disciples were an hungred, and began to pluck the ears of corn, and to eat.

Facts about

• Genesis 8:22

  While the earth remaineth, seedtime and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease.

• 1 Samuel 13:19–21

  Now there was no smith found throughout all the land of Israel: for the Philistines said, Lest the Hebrews make them swords or spears: But all the Israelites went down to the Philistines, to sharpen every man his share, and his coulter, and his axe, and his mattock. Yet they had a file for the mattocks, and for the coulters, and for the forks, and for the axes, and to sharpen the goads.

• Isaiah 28:24–28

  Doth the plowman plow all day to sow? doth he open and break the clods of his ground? When he hath made plain the face thereof, doth he not cast abroad the fitches, and scatter the cummin, and cast in the principal wheat and the appointed barley and the rie in their place? For his God doth instruct him to discretion, and doth teach him. …

• Matthew 13:3–8

  And he spake many things unto them in parables, saying, Behold, a sower went forth to sow; And when he sowed, some seeds fell by the way side, and the fowls came and devoured them up: Some fell upon stony places, where they had not much earth: and forthwith they sprung up, because they had no deepness of earth: …

• 2 Corinthians 9:6

  But this I say, He which soweth sparingly shall reap also sparingly; and he which soweth bountifully shall reap also bountifully.

• Galatians 6:7

  Be not deceived; God is not mocked: for whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he also reap.

Figurative

Operations in

Implements of

Products of

Animals of